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Cracovia (Polonia : ghetto)   Cerca

Definizione

The Cracow ghetto was created by a decree issued by the governor of Galicia, Otto Wachter, on March 3, 1941. The ghetto was located in Podgorze, a section in the southern part of the city. On March 20, 1941, the ghetto was sealed off by a wall and barbed wire fence. Some 20,000 Jews, including several thousand from neighboring communities (primarily Skawina, Wieliczka, and Rabka), were crowded in. At the end of May 1942 thousands of Jews were deported to the Belzec death camp. Several hundred were killed in the ghetto itself. In an Aktion on October 28, 1942, 7,000 Jews were shipped to Belzec, while the patients at the Jewish hospital, the old-age home inmates, and 300 children at the orphanage were killed on the spot. The ghetto population was now reduced to 10,000 Jews, some of whom were in the work camp, cordoned off from the rest of the ghetto by barbed wire. The ghetto territory was reduced repeatedly, and in December 1942 the ghetto was divided in two parts. Part A was designated for working inmates and part B for non-working inmates. The final liquidation was carried out in March 1943, when the 2,000 residents of the ghetto work camp were transferred to the Plaszów concentration camp, and anyone found hiding was shot. Only a few hundred of the group survived. The 2,300 Jews in the other section of the ghetto were either killed on the spot or deported to the Auschwitz II-Birkenau death camp. The ghetto remnant existed until August 1943. On December 15, 1943, the last Aktion took place. The remaining Jewish forced laborers were taken to the Plaszów camp and shot there. To commemorate the victims, the Polish authorities renamed one of the squares in the former ghetto the Heroes of the Ghetto Square (Plac Bohaterow Ghetta). (en-US)

Fonte

Pilichowski, Czeslaw. Obozy hitlerowskie na ziemiach polskich 1939-1945: Informator encyklopedyczny = Nazi Camps in Poland 1939-1945: Dictionary and Encyclopedia. Warszawa: Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe Warszawa, 1979. (4 fold maps). p. 249-254

Termini più generici

• Cracovia (Polonia : Voivodship)