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Jugoslavia 1939 (1 settembre) - 1945 (7 maggio) CercaDefinizione
Definition:
In 1941, Yugoslavia's Jewish population numbers 80,000. Yugoslavia joins the Axis Powers March 25, 1941. A coup to stop this alliance proves unsuccessful when Axis troops invade and occupy Yugoslavia on April 6. Hitler divides Yugoslavia into separate states: Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia, the Backa region, Montenegro, and the Independent State of Croatia (made up of Croatia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina). Each region goes about the destruction of its Jews in a different manner and on a different timetable. All, however, institute anti-Jewish legislation, restrict Jewish movement and activity, use Jews as forced laborers, intern Jews in local camps, and deport Jews to concentration and extermination camps.
From 1933 until 1941 over 50,000 Jews pass through Yugoslavia as they try to escape the Nazis. The Yugoslavian Jewish community helps these refugees. Antisemitism in Yugoslavia intensifies in September 1939 as the country faces pressure from Germany. Two anti-Jewish laws are enacted in October 1940, a quota in educational institutions and a ban on Jewish trade in specific food items. Protests from the Jewish community prove unsuccessful. In 1939 a transit camp for immigrant Jews is established in Samobor. More camps soon follow. Many Jews from the transit camps are transferred to extermination camps by 1941. In addition, the Germans arrest Jews in the hopes of gaining money for their release.
Over 200,000 Yugoslavians fight against the Germans in the Communist partisan troops led by Tito. Among them are more than 4,000 Jews. (en-US)
Fonte
Krizman, Narcisa Lengel. "The Chronology of the Jewish Ordeal" In Anti-Semitism, Holocaust, Anti-Facism. Zagreb: Zagreb Jewish Community, 1997. p. 161-168