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Tunisia 1940 (10 giugno) - 1943 (7 maggio)   Cerca

Definizione

When WWII began, there were approximately 85, 000 Jews living in the French protectorate of Tunisia, the majority of them in Tunis. Ruled in name by the Bey of Tunis, Tunisia had pledged support for France with the beginning of the war in September 1939. After the fall of France in 1940, anti-Jewish activities increased along with Tunisian nationalism. The Vichy governor general, Jean-Pierre Estéva, was sympathetic to the Jewish community and reluctant to enforce anti-Jewish legislation. The local Italian community also refused to support anti-Jewish measures such as the confiscation of Jewish property. In 1942, a new Bey was established, Prince Mohammed el-Moncef. Although also sympathetic to the Jews, Moncef supported the nationalist leader Bourguiba and appointed his own cabinet without consulting Estéva. The Axis armed forces occupied Tunisia in November 1942. Both the Germans the Italians established several forced labor camps for the Tunisian Jews, in rural areas on isolated farms, with Bizerte in the German sector being the only actual camp with barracks. Tunisia was liberated by the Allies on May 7 1943. Prince Mohammed and Estéva were replaced by General Giraud and Major-General Charles-Emmanuel Mast. (en-US)

Fonte

Dear, I.C.B., ed. The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford and New York : Oxford Univerisity Press, 1995. p. 1126

Termini più generici

• (PIQ) Tunisia

Termini più specifici

• Tunisia 1942