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Location: West Coast of Asia on the Mediterranean sea, bordered in 2000 by Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon.
Capital city: Jerusalem
History:
During World War II, European Jews increasingly fled to the British protectorate of Palestine to escape Nazi persecution. At the war's end, Britain relinquished its mandate of Palestine to the United Nations who established a plan in 1947 to partition Palestine. Israel declared its independence on May 14, 1948. Following a number of wars between Israel and its neighboring Arab states two peace treaties have been signed: in 1979 with Egypt and in 1994 with Jordan. Areas disputed between Israel and its neighbors are the occupied Golan Heights in the north-east, the West Bank in the east on the 1949 armistice line, and the Gaza Strip on the Mediterranean Sea bordering on Egypt, with the 1950 Armistice line. (en-US)
Fonte
http://www.cia.gov/cia.publications/factbook/geos/is.html 12/9/2003.