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Kazakistan (URSS : Repubblica Socialista Sovietica)   Cerca

Definizione

Constituent republic located in Central Asia. Capital city - Alma-Ata (Almaty): until 1998 From May 6, 1998 - Astana (former Akmola) In 19th century the region came under Russian rule and formed part of Russian Turkistan. In 1920 Kazakhs were constituted within the Russian SFSR, and in 1936 a constituent Soviet republic was formed within the USSR. As of 1939 Kazakhstan was bordered to the north by Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic, to the south by Turkmenistan, Kirghizstan, and Uzbekistan (all three were Soviet republics), and to the east by China. The Caspian Sea bounded Kazakhstan to the west. In 1919-20 the Red Army occupied Kazakhstan. In the aftermath of Soviet occupation, Kazakhstan became part of the Kirgiz Autonomous Republic. The latter was formed in 1920. In 1925 the status of the entity was changed to Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . In 1936 Kazakhstan became a constituent Soviet republic. After the USSR disintegrated in 1991, Kazakhstan as the other former Soviet republics proclaimed its independence. The country remained closely associated with the Russian Federation within the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). As of 1939 republic administratively fell into 16 oblast (provinces): Akmolinsk, Aktubinsk, Alma-Ata, Dzhambul, East Kazakhstan, Guriev, Karaganda, Kokchetav, Kustanai, Kyzyl-Orda, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, Semipalatinsk, South Kazakhstan, Taldy-Kurgan, West Kazakhstan. Due to black-earth wooded steppe north Kazakhstan is a chief grain-growing region. Republic's agricultural production includes sheep raising, cattle farming, fruit and vegetable growing. Kazakhstan industry is based on rich mineral resources. Chief centers are Dzezkazgan and Balkhash (copper), Karaganda (coal), Temir-Tau (iron and steel milling). (en-US)

Fonte

Encyclopaedia Britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1995. Vol. 6, p. 775

Termini più generici

• (PIQ) URSS