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Marocco 1956 (2 marzo) - 2000 (1 gennaio) CercaDefinizione
On March 2, 1956, Morocco gained its independence from France. The former Spanish zone was incorporated in April and the independent port city of Tangier was incorporated in October. Sultan Muhammed V ruled until his death on February 26, 1961, and was succeeded by his son, Hassan II. In international issues, Morocco generally allied itself with the western European powers. The Spanish Sahara (Rio de Oro) was contested by Morocco and Algeria and in 1975, King Hassan sent an unarmed force of 350,000 volunteers, the "Green March," in to Spanish Sahara to claim the land for Morocco. After the signing of the Madrid Accords on November 14, 1975, Morocco was granted joint sovereignty with Mauritania over the Sahara desert, renamed Western Sahara. Guerilla fighting ensued to contest Morocco's control of the region. The military attempted a coup in 1971 but was unsuccessful in toppling the monarchy. Although Morocco's Jewish population had been as large as 265,000 in 1948, it lessened to 42,000 by 1968 as the majority of Moroccan Jews immigrated to Israel. Although regarded as a moderate nation in the Middle East, Morocco joined the Arab League. (en-US)
Fonte
Encyclopaedia Britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1995. vol. 24, 989-990