Cerca
Percorso: USC Shoah Foundation Institute Thesaurus
Descrittore
Termine preferito
(PIQ) Austria CercaDefinizione
Location: Central Europe, bordered in 1938 by Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia.
Capital city: Vienna
History:
In October 1918 the Austro-Hungarian Empire disintegrated and Austria emerged as a republic. Although Austria was composed of territories of German ethnicity, the Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919) established new Austrian borders and forbade any political or economic union with Germany. National Socialism gained momentum in interwar Austria. In July 1934, encouraged by their German counterparts, Austrian Nazis assassinated Austrian Chancellor Dollfuss but failed to seize power. German pressure on Austria increased. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1938, (the Anschluss). Consequently, Austria participated in World War II as part of Germany. As of 1934, there were approximately 191,000 Jews living in Austria. Over 128,000 Jews emigrated from Austria between March 1938 and November 1941. An estimated 65,000 Austrian Jews perished in the Holocaust. After the war ended, Allied troops occupied Austria until the Austrian State Treaty (May 15, 1955). This treaty forbade both union with Germany and restoration of the Habsburg monarchy. (en-US)
Fonte
Shermer, Michael and Alex Grobman. Denying History: Who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and Why do They Say it? Berkeley: University of California Press. 2000. p. 177